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What history tells you about post-pandemic booms: from The Economist. “People spend more, take more risks—and demand more of politicians.” And: “Social unrest seems to peak two years after the pandemic ends. Enjoy the coming boom while it lasts. Before long, there may be a twist in the tale.”

James Otteson: “What has changed over humanity’s recent history is not biology, psychology, physiology, ecology, or geography. What has changed, instead, is their attitudes. As economic historian Deirdre McCloskey has demonstrated in her magisterial three-volume investigation under the general title The Bourgeois Era, the most salient factor distinguishing the post-1800 era from everything that went before is the attitudes people held toward others. Before that period, the standard background assumption people had was that some people are superior to others – more specifically, one’s own people are superior to those other people – and hence people believed they were under no obligation, moral or otherwise, to treat all human beings as their moral equals. What began as an inkling in the sixteenth century, gained some traction in the seventeenth century, and then began to spread in the eighteenth century, was the idea that cooperation was not only allowable, but morally appropriate; and not only with some people, but with ever more people. As that idea spread, more and more cooperative behavior was engaged in, leading to mutually beneficial exchanges and partnerships, which launched world prosperity on the precipitate upward slope we have seen since.” [via CafeHayek]

An amazing visualisation of airport runways

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Since when does government have a money tree? by Michael R. Strain. [US context, but applicable everywhere] “Someone, at some point, needs to pay for government spending…Don’t believe the assurances that higher taxes and low-interest debt servicing will contain the costs…The costs of financing government spending should always be front and center. When they aren’t, cost-benefit tests simply become benefit tests.”

The left is winning the economic battle of ideas: by Chris Giles (FT). “The model of pre-coronavirus capitalism, with high levels of inequality, is losing popular support, suggesting the need for a post-Covid world with more support for the vulnerable and higher taxes, especially on extreme levels of income, wealth and profits. But there is still an important trade-off between equity and efficiency. Take redistribution too far and no one is satisfied.”

TIME100 Most Influential Companies 2021

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FT interview with Malcolm Gladwell: “Has his podcasting career changed the work he does? “When I was younger, I made the mistake very often of making up my mind too early in the reporting process,” he says. “And now I’m a lot more open. The podcast has helped a lot. Podcasts, I realised, are teamwork. It’s not solo any more. And the wonderful function of the team is that their reactions give you an opportunity to revisit and revise and change your mind and start over. It’s an institutional pressure to keep your mind open.”

What Cities need now: from Technology Review. “What is clear is that technology companies are increasingly taking on administrative and infrastructure responsibilities that governments have long fulfilled. If smart cities are to avoid exacerbating urban inequalities, we must understand where these projects will create new opportunities and problems, and who may lose out as a result. And that starts by taking a hard look at how cities have fared so far.”

Watched: The Martian

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4 ways Martech will shift in 2021: “Tech companies need to prepare adequately and take appropriate actions now to adjust their marketing approach…It starts with having a clear, powerful and defensible position in the marketplace. Building on top of that foundation, companies must develop a strategic approach that will enable them to think beyond technology and focus on the relationships that will propel them forward. Video will be an essential part of the marketing mix, but there is still plenty of uncertainty. Embracing experimentation will allow tech companies to manage this uncertainty by learning, adapting and thriving.”

How a More Resilient America Beat a Midcentury Pandemic: from WSJ. “In 1957, the U.S. rose to the challenge of the ‘Asian flu’ with stoicism and a high tolerance for risk, offering a stark contrast with today’s approach to Covid-19.”

WSJ.com turns 25: A fascinating journey through the years.

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Your business is already in trouble, you just haven’t noticed it yet: Rita McGrath offers a checklist. “It’s always astonishing in hindsight, looking at a business that got itself into deep, dark, trouble, how many warning signs there were.”

What makes YouTube videos successful?: by Thomas McKinlay. “Use a subjective tone and don’t overwhelm with information. Ideal length is 10min or longer and published during non-business hours.”

Arnold Kling: “Imagine if every pundit were to start an essay or a podcast in this way, by stating a question and saying whether the pundit will be arguing in the affirmative or in the negative. It would be a lot easier to evaluate essays and podcasts if they provided such clarity.”

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Shane Parish: “The best way to improve your ability to think is to spend time thinking. Most of us are too busy to think. We have too many meetings. Too many calls. Too many priorities. Too many demands on our time. With no time to think and make good decisions we rush and make bad ones. And because we made bad decisions, our precious time is further strained as we correct our previous decisions.”

Nikola Tesla: “Gentlemen, some of the ideas I have expressed may appear to many of you hardly realizable; nevertheless, they are the result of long-continued thought and work. You would judge them more justly if you would have devoted your life to them, as I have done. With ideas it is like with dizzy heights you climb: At first they cause you discomfort and you are anxious to get down, distrustful of your own powers; but soon the remoteness of the turmoil of life and the inspiring influence of the altitude calm your blood; your step gets firm and sure and you begin to look—for dizzier heights.” [via Yuvaraj]

Read:  Project Hail Mary by Andy Weir

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New York is using Ranked Choice Voting for its mayor election. A tutorial.

How to Do Hybrid Right: from HBR. “To design hybrid work properly, you have to think about it along two axes: place and time.”

Richard Epstein: “No one can expect miracles from a system of limited government – but the smaller the size of the government and the more disinterested its administration of the laws, the more likely it is that diverse communities can thrive under its rule. Communitarian values, rightly understood, are best served by small governments, not large ones.” [via CafeHayek]

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India must make the most of its demographic dividend: by Ejaz Ghani. “First, investments in human and physical infrastructure will need to be scaled up dramatically to promote entrepreneurship and create jobs. Second, promote entrepreneurship and job creation. Third, it is now time to implement the next generation of economic reforms to deliver efficient public services. What will happen if India fails to capture its demographic dividend? The most likely effect will be that a large number of young working-age people will be left unemployed or underemployed.”

Compounding Incumbent Advantage: by Adam Inoue. “Getting your foot in the door” is permanent permission to enter the fast lane…Knowledge-worker incumbency advantage compounds on itself. Over time, my basic signals get stronger—I have more years on the resume and slowly gain a reputation in my areas of expertise—but also my actual skills tend to get stronger at a pace that would be unsustainable for someone who isn’t already in the industry and has to spend 40+ hours a week doing something else.”

A Few Short Stories: by Morgan Housel.

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Investing advice from Andy Kessler: “My advice is always to invest in the fog. When everyone else is incredulous, look for scale. Usually, no one else can see it. Squint hard, but don’t make stuff up. If you can see something that everyone dismisses, and that will get cheaper over a long period of time, maybe decades, buy in cheap and go along for the long ride. Others will eventually overpay. On the flip side, when the fog clears and we’ve moved from the acceptance to hype, it’s time to unload your shares to those late to the party.”

Agriculture policy should target India’s actual farming population: by Harish Damodaran. “Most government welfare schemes are aimed at poverty alleviation and uplifting those at the bottom of the pyramid. But there’s no policy for those in the “middle” and in danger of slipping to the bottom…Whether it is crop, livestock or poultry, agriculture policy has to focus on “serious full-time farmers”, most of them are neither rich nor poor. This rural middle class that was once very confident of its future in agriculture today risks going out of business. That shouldn’t be allowed to happen.”

Robert Mundell: Obit by Vivek Dehijia. “Widely considered the greatest macro economist of the second half of the last century, in the generation after John Maynard Keynes, Mundell was in rarefied terrain. Indeed, the only other credible contender for this title would be the late Milton Friedman, who was his colleague at the University of Chicago when Mundell taught there during the late 1960s. Mundell was awarded the Nobel Prize in economics in 1999.” More from Madan Sabnavis and TCA Srinivasa-Raghavan.

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HBR on new research about customer loyalty programs. “Customer loyalty programs are ubiquitous, accounting for more than 3.3 billion memberships in the United States alone…New research, conducted by professors at the Wharton School along with the customer experience consultancy the Verde Group, reveals an important downside of loyalty programs. When loyal members encounter service failures—shipping issues, problems with returns, stockouts, and the like—they get more upset than customers who are not members of the program…The researchers call this the boomerang effect, because the very loyalty a brand engenders comes back to hurt it.”

Covid and India’s Middle Class: by Udit Misra. “In 2020, Covid disruption resulted in reducing India’s vibrant middle class by one-third. “Prior to the pandemic, it was anticipated that 99 million people in India would belong in the global middle class in 2020. A year into the pandemic, this number is estimated to be 66 million, cut by a third. Meanwhile, the number of poor in India is projected to have reached 134 million, more than double the 59 million expected prior to the recession,” stated the Pew report.”

Make Time for “Me Time”: from HBR. “you can take steps to make sure that you put focus and attention on taking care of yourself each day. “Always on” doesn’t have to mean you must sacrifice your needs. It just means sometimes finding the time to make sure that your focus is on yourself.”